走近安徽古遺址｜這里的大運(yùn)河：晴波瀲滟 清澈如許

古遺址，被視作“凝固的歷史、無字的史書”，是古代人類活動遺留下來的珍貴遺存。借助當(dāng)代考古研究的技術(shù)手段與數(shù)據(jù)采集功能，這些歷史遺址能夠在一定程度上還原歷史的原貌，印證著人類存在及發(fā)展的點(diǎn)滴痕印，也成為祖先留給今人的寶貴財(cái)富。

4月18日，是聯(lián)合國教科文組織命名的“國際古跡遺址日”(International Day for Monuments and Sites)�；蒽`頓中國文化中心攜手安徽省文化和旅游廳，通過官方社交平臺介紹安徽省境內(nèi)重大歷史遺存：被列入世界文化遺產(chǎn)十段河道之列的隋唐大運(yùn)通濟(jì)渠泗縣段水道，縱然僅剩28.1公里，卻獨(dú)具歷史原始風(fēng)貌……這些珍貴的歷史遺存，在無聲地講述著往事的悲歡與沉浮，也向后人發(fā)出惜之護(hù)之守之的連番警示。

隋唐大運(yùn)河安徽段

運(yùn)河湯湯，水道悠長。在隋唐時期，有一條被南北貫通的人工水道，北至涿郡(今北京)，南至余杭(今杭州)，這就是隋唐大運(yùn)河。

通濟(jì)渠，是隋唐大運(yùn)河段的重要一段，全長650公里。它流經(jīng)安徽省境內(nèi)的淮北市濉溪縣、宿州市區(qū)、靈璧縣、泗縣，全長約180公里。

歲月流逝，滄海桑田。180公里清波，只剩下泗縣長約28.1公里、保留原始風(fēng)貌的水道，成為一扇見證歷史的靜態(tài)窗口。

In the Sui and Tang dynasties, many man-made waterways leading to different directions were connected from Zhuojun (today's Beijing) in the north to Yuhang (today's Hangzhou) in the south, thus came the Sui-Tang Grand Canal (the Sui-Tang Dynasties Grand Canal). Now, the canal flows day and night with ever-lasting aqua rhyme.

隋唐大運(yùn)河唯一活態(tài)河段泗縣運(yùn)河

2014年，隋唐大運(yùn)河與京杭大運(yùn)河、浙東運(yùn)河在內(nèi)的三大部分十段河道被列入世界文化遺產(chǎn)。大運(yùn)河泗縣段的歷史價值彌足珍貴。如今，沿著泗縣大運(yùn)河景觀亭蜿蜒而下，兩岸葦柳飄搖，煙波浩渺，“隋堤煙柳、汴水晴波”恍然可見。

In 2014, ten sections in three parts of this Sui-Tang Grand Canal, the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal and the Zhedong Canal were inscribed on the UNESCO World Cultural and Natural Heritage List. The historic value of the Sixian section of the canal is extremely precious.

泗縣隋唐大運(yùn)河清水灣公園

“水韻泗州 運(yùn)河名城”——安徽宿州泗縣正發(fā)力打造這一城市品牌。隋唐大運(yùn)河博物館白墻黑瓦、單檐歇山頂，整體建筑風(fēng)格呈隋唐風(fēng)韻，其中鎮(zhèn)水神獸等古運(yùn)河文物，彰顯著這里深厚的文化積淀。還可前往運(yùn)河人家園林景區(qū)、泗縣運(yùn)河小鎮(zhèn)、古汴廊橋、運(yùn)河遺址公園、清水灣公園等地，感受“水韻泗州”的意境。

If you stroll along the canal starting from the Sixian Viewing Pavilion, you can see the beautiful scene of reed and willow swaying alongside the misty waterway, which might remind you of the description in a poem, “willow in the mist by the embankment built in the Sui Dynasty and the waves in the Bianshui River glistening in the sunshine”.

泗縣隋唐大運(yùn)河博物館

運(yùn)河同樣影響到了其他文化形態(tài)。“喝不夠的家鄉(xiāng)水，聽不夠的拉魂腔”，泗州戲就是依河而生的劇種，有的戲文甚至與運(yùn)河相關(guān)。

The canal nourishes many other cultural forms here and Sizhou Opera was born along its course. Local people would boast that they really like the sweet water of their home town and could never enjoy enough the lahun tone of their own opera.

靈璧縣因盛產(chǎn)靈璧石而名。歷史上，大運(yùn)河從這里流過。2021年8月，鳳山大道運(yùn)河遺址發(fā)掘。

In history, the Sui-Tang Grand Canal once flowed through Lingbi, a county famous for peculiar rocks and stones. In August 2021, a canal site was found and excavated along Fengshan Dadao.

靈璧鳳山大道隋唐運(yùn)河出土青釉缽

“汴水情，汴水美，宿州要騰飛。梨花香，國畫粹，靈泗放光輝……”這是歌曲《汴水情》的歌詞。汴水，在宿州當(dāng)?shù)赜址Q古汴河，指的就是通濟(jì)渠。通濟(jì)渠貫通后，埇橋成為“扼汴水咽喉，當(dāng)南北要沖”的重鎮(zhèn)。1987年，在進(jìn)行市政建設(shè)時，埇橋遺址在宿城大隅口西側(cè)被發(fā)現(xiàn)。

“Bianshui is lovable, Bianshui is beautiful, and Suzhou is going to prosper; pear flower is fragrant, traditional paintings are authentic, with them, Lingbi and Sixian will be brilliant...” These are the lyrics of the song “The love for the Bianshui River”.

隋唐大運(yùn)河博物館

走進(jìn)宿州博物館，同樣可以感受到大運(yùn)河的往昔，這里不僅收藏著運(yùn)河考古中發(fā)掘出來的沉船、瓷器、玉器等，還以科技手段再現(xiàn)了當(dāng)初運(yùn)河碼頭的繁華。博物館內(nèi)，還展示了一塊唐代蘄縣界碑，雖然有些殘缺，但留下的文字證實(shí)了當(dāng)時的埇橋正是南北陸路與運(yùn)河的交匯點(diǎn)。古汴河引黃河水為源，因?yàn)樗�中含有大量泥沙，逐漸成為了一條地上河。到了南宋末年，河道基本被湮沒廢棄。

In Suzhou Museum, you can see through the days of the canal in history. The museum not only displays shipwrecks, porcelain and jade articles unearthed from archaeological sites, but also reproduces the prosperity of the canal's piers with visual and audio technology.

宿州段大運(yùn)河遺址出土文物

淮北市濉溪縣百善鎮(zhèn)的柳孜，古稱“柳江口”。時間回溯到1999年春夏之交。在公路拓寬改建中，有了驚喜發(fā)現(xiàn)。經(jīng)過幾十個日夜的奮力發(fā)掘，專家們的預(yù)言得到證實(shí)：一座沿運(yùn)河南岸東西走向、順河而建的石造碼頭展現(xiàn)在人們面前。

During the turn of spring and summer in 1999,workers encountered a surprising discovery when they were broadening a highway. After dozens of days of excavations, the prediction of specialists was proved correct: a stone wharf was revealed, which goes from east to west along the canal's south bank.

2021年，又進(jìn)行了一次考古發(fā)掘。兩次考古發(fā)掘發(fā)現(xiàn)了唐宋時期的河道、河堤、石筑橋墩、道路等重要遺跡，出土了8艘木質(zhì)沉船及大批陶瓷器等文物，印證了這塊土地昔日的繁華。

透過柳孜出土的文物遺存，我們不難感受到當(dāng)年運(yùn)河岸邊的風(fēng)土人情。隋堤垂柳，拱橋路人，街頭熙熙攘攘，叫賣聲不絕于耳。回望歷史，這些場景讓人流連。大運(yùn)河柳孜文化園應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。

In 2021, another archaeological excavation was conducted. The two excavations uncovered many relics such as a section of riverway existed in the Tang and Song dynasties, as well as embankment, stone bridge piers and roads at the same age. In addition, eight wooden sunken ships, a large number of ceramics, and some other cultural items were unearthed. All these have apparently manifested the prosperity of this land in the old days.

隋唐運(yùn)河博物館唐代貨船

歷史上，淮北一度以產(chǎn)煤而興。今日的淮北，南湖碧波蕩漾，隋唐大運(yùn)河古鎮(zhèn)燈影璀璨。依托運(yùn)河文化和南湖濕地景觀資源建設(shè)的隋唐運(yùn)河古鎮(zhèn)，入選了“第二批國家級夜間文化和旅游消費(fèi)集聚區(qū)”，以運(yùn)河文化為核心，以隋唐時期民居古建筑風(fēng)格為基調(diào)，亭臺水榭，光影疊彩，古色古香的傳統(tǒng)古建筑與現(xiàn)代氣息交相輝映。尤其是夜晚，人來人往，各路網(wǎng)紅、直播演繹出時尚的生活氣息。

The Sui-Tang Canal Town, a remodeling of the ancient town seat in accordance with canal culture and by virtue of the Nanhu Wetland landscape resources, has been included in the list of the second batch of the national nighttime culture and tourism consumption clustering areas. In this signature town, pavilions, dwellings and waterfront buildings reflect different colors and shades in lighting, and the traditional antique architectures and modern atmosphere complement each other.

靈璧鳳山大道隋唐運(yùn)河出土青黃釉執(zhí)壺

千年歲月流轉(zhuǎn)，古風(fēng)余韻依舊。隋唐大運(yùn)河安徽段，在歷史與現(xiàn)實(shí)中交錯，以獨(dú)特的形態(tài)訴說著屬于自己的那段精彩和傳奇。

When night falls, the town is even more hustling and bustling with crowds of tourists and internet celebrities doing live stream. The scene really impresses visitors with a modern and fashionable atmosphere of life.

文字：周玉冰

圖片：部分圖片由相關(guān)景區(qū)提供